Choosing the Perfect Trolling Motor: A Comprehensive Guide

Introduction to Trolling Motor Selection

Selecting the right trolling motor for your boat can significantly enhance your fishing experience. With numerous options available in the market, it's crucial to understand the key factors that influence your choice. This comprehensive guide will walk you through the essential aspects of trolling motor selection, helping you make an informed decision that suits your specific needs.

Mounting Options for Trolling Motors

One of the first considerations when choosing a trolling motor is how it will be mounted on your boat. There are two primary mounting options:

Transom Mount

Transom-mounted trolling motors are typically installed on the back of the boat. These are commonly found on:

• Smaller boats
• Kayaks

Transom mounts usually feature:

• A clamp-style attachment
• Depth adjustment
• Tilt adjustment
• Steering tension adjustment

One of the advantages of transom-mounted motors is that they can be easily installed or removed from the boat.

Bow Mount

Bow-mounted trolling motors are installed on the front of the boat. They are suitable for:

• Almost any type of boat with a front deck

Bow mounts come in two main styles:

1. Scissor-style mount: Features a middle and upper arm that pivots on a base
2. Compact-style mount: Utilizes a steering motor that pivots on a base

Control Methods for Trolling Motors

The way you control your trolling motor can greatly impact your fishing experience. There are several control options available:

Tiller Handle Control

Tiller handle-controlled motors offer:

• Both forward and reverse speeds
• Limited 360-degree turning capability

Foot Pedal Control

Foot pedal-controlled motors come in two varieties:

1. Cable steer
2. Electric steer

These motors typically only have forward speeds, as they can easily steer 360 degrees.

Remote Control

Many modern trolling motors can be operated using a handheld remote, offering convenience and flexibility.

Speed Control Options

Trolling motors offer different speed control mechanisms:

Five-Speed Motors

• Feature five set speeds
• Controlled by a rotary switch
• Generally less expensive
• Offer less control and are less efficient in terms of battery life

Variable Speed (Digital) Motors

• Provide endless speed variation
• Controlled by a potentiometer and control board
• More expensive than five-speed motors
• Offer greater speed control and improved battery run time

Thrust and Voltage Considerations

One of the most critical factors in selecting a trolling motor is understanding the thrust and voltage requirements for your boat.

Thrust

Trolling motor power is measured in pounds of thrust. The range can vary from 30 pounds to over 100 pounds. To determine the appropriate thrust for your boat, follow this general rule:

• At least 2 pounds of thrust for every 100 pounds of fully loaded boat weight

For example:

• A 2,000-pound boat would need at least 40 pounds of thrust
• A 4,000-pound boat would require at least 80 pounds of thrust

It's important to note that you may need to increase the thrust if you frequently fish in windy conditions, strong currents, or if your boat has significant drag or resistance in the water.

Voltage

Trolling motors are available in different voltage ratings:

• 12 volts (powered by one battery)
• 24 volts (powered by two batteries)
• 36 volts (powered by three batteries)

Higher voltage systems generally provide more power and efficiency but require more batteries and increase the overall weight of your boat.

Shaft Length: A Critical Measurement

Choosing the correct shaft length is crucial for optimal performance of your trolling motor. An incorrectly sized shaft can lead to various issues:

• Too short: The motor may cavitate (draw air into the propeller)
• Too long: The motor may interfere with boat operation when stowed or deployed

To determine the right shaft length:

1. Measure from the mounting surface to the waterline
2. Add 12 inches to ensure the lower unit is submerged properly

It's generally better to have a slightly longer shaft than one that's too short.

Brushed vs. Brushless Motors

Until recently, most trolling motors used brushed technology. However, brushless motors are becoming increasingly popular due to their superior performance.

Brushed Motors

Characteristics of brushed motors include:

• An armature that spins inside a magnet housing
• Brushes that send voltage through a commutator
• Noisier operation
• Less efficient
• Run hotter
• More affordable due to simpler manufacturing process

Brushless Motors

Brushless motors offer several advantages:

• Use a permanent magnet for the rotor
• The stator creates the electromagnetic field
• No brushes, resulting in less friction
• Quieter operation
• Faster
• Run cooler
• More efficient
• Slightly more expensive due to complex manufacturing

While there are currently only a few brushless trolling motor models available, it's expected that more manufacturers will adopt this technology in the coming years.

Saltwater vs. Freshwater Motors

Depending on where you plan to fish, you'll need to choose between saltwater and freshwater-rated motors.

Saltwater Motors

Saltwater-rated motors feature:

• More corrosion-resistant paint
• Stainless steel hardware
• Some models include a sacrificial anode for additional corrosion protection

Freshwater Motors

Freshwater motors lack the additional corrosion protection features of saltwater models and are not suitable for use in marine environments.

Built-in Transducers and GPS Features

Many modern trolling motors offer advanced features that can enhance your fishing experience.

Built-in Transducers

Some trolling motors come with built-in transducers that can link to your fish finder. These transducers:

• Are housed inside the lower unit
• Have the wire hidden in the trolling motor shaft
• Can offer various sonar technologies:
  • Traditional sonar
  • Down imaging
  • Side imaging

It's important to note that some built-in transducers are universal, while others only work with specific fish finders. Be sure to check compatibility if you have a preferred fish finder brand or model.

GPS Features

Certain trolling motor models come equipped with built-in GPS functionality, offering features such as:

• Spot lock (anchor in place)
• Autopilot
• Cruise control

Some models allow you to access additional GPS features by linking the motor to a compatible fish finder.

Factors to Consider When Choosing a Trolling Motor

When selecting a trolling motor for your boat, consider the following factors:

1. Boat size and weight
2. Fishing style and preferences
3. Typical fishing conditions (wind, current, etc.)
4. Budget
5. Desired features (GPS, built-in transducer, etc.)
6. Compatibility with existing electronics
7. Freshwater vs. saltwater use
8. Ease of installation and removal
9. Battery capacity and power requirements
10. Warranty and customer support

Installation and Maintenance Tips

To ensure optimal performance and longevity of your trolling motor, follow these installation and maintenance tips:

Installation

1. Carefully read the manufacturer's instructions before beginning installation
2. Ensure the mounting surface is clean, dry, and structurally sound
3. Use appropriate hardware and sealants as recommended by the manufacturer
4. Double-check all connections and wiring before first use
5. Test the motor's functionality in shallow water before heading out on a fishing trip

Maintenance

1. Rinse the motor with fresh water after each use, especially if used in saltwater
2. Inspect the propeller regularly for damage or debris
3. Check and tighten all mounting hardware periodically
4. Keep the shaft and moving parts clean and lubricated as per manufacturer recommendations
5. Store the motor in a dry, protected area when not in use
6. Periodically check the batteries and connections for signs of corrosion or wear

Common Trolling Motor Issues and Troubleshooting

Even with proper care, you may encounter some issues with your trolling motor. Here are some common problems and potential solutions:

1. Motor not starting:

   • Check battery connections
   • Verify battery charge
   • Inspect fuses or circuit breakers

2. Reduced power or speed:

   • Clean the propeller
   • Check for fishing line or debris wrapped around the shaft
   • Ensure the batteries are fully charged

3. Difficulty steering:

   • Adjust the steering tension
   • Lubricate moving parts
   • Check for obstructions in the steering mechanism

4. Unusual noise:

   • Inspect the propeller for damage
   • Check for loose mounting hardware
   • Verify that the shaft is properly seated

5. GPS features not working:

   • Ensure you have a clear view of the sky
   • Update the motor's firmware if applicable
   • Check compatibility with your fish finder

Conclusion

Choosing the right trolling motor for your boat is a crucial decision that can greatly impact your fishing experience. By considering factors such as mounting options, control methods, thrust requirements, shaft length, and additional features, you can select a motor that perfectly suits your needs.

Remember to take into account your specific fishing style, the type of water you'll be fishing in, and your budget when making your decision. With the right trolling motor, you'll be able to navigate more efficiently, position your boat more precisely, and ultimately catch more fish.

As technology continues to advance, we can expect to see even more innovative features in trolling motors, such as improved battery efficiency, enhanced GPS capabilities, and more sophisticated control systems. Stay informed about the latest developments in trolling motor technology to ensure you're always getting the most out of your fishing experience.

Whether you're a casual weekend angler or a serious tournament fisherman, investing in the right trolling motor can make all the difference in your time on the water. Take the time to research and compare different models, and don't hesitate to seek advice from experienced anglers or professional retailers. With the right information and careful consideration, you'll be well-equipped to choose the perfect trolling motor for your boat and fishing style.

Article created from: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SKsqOuuLBKo&ab_channel=TrollingMotorParts